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Requirement – Operational Design Domain – Physical Road Infrastructure Characteristics 

Connected automated vehicles are designed to operate using support from physical and digital infrastructure. Among these, road furniture elements are essential for efficient implementations of AD/ADAS functions using onboard sensors especially in cases where no digital services are available for the given road segment. Sensor perception of local road infrastructure can be improved using augmented reflectivity of road markings such as longitudinal markings (eg. lane markings), transverse markings (eg. stop markings),  hazard markings (eg. zigzag),  block markings (eg. zebra markings for pedestrian crossing), arrow marking (eg. eg. arrows marking mandatory turns), directional marking (eg. STOP marking), and facility markings (eg. parking slot marking). Traffic signs represent another type of physical road furniture elements which have mandatory relevance for road traffic safety while variable message signs (VMS) are between the physical and digital world of road infrastructure elements. Road operators can enhance the effectiveness of the CAVs’ onboard sensors systems by implementing the above mentioned high reflectivity layers (eg. retroreflective sheeting materials for traffic signs), which do not jeopardize human perception capabilities, on road markings, traffic signs and incorporating extensions to VMS that are compatible with onboard sensors especially when digital content is not available (eg. C-ITS broadcast of IVI). Other physical road infrastructure elements such as road studs, delineator posts, roadside warning poles, guard rails etc. need to be subject of consideration in order to improve their reflectivity for different onboard sensor device types (eg. radar, camera). (INFRAMIX, 2018)

Main Question

Are the necessary physical road infrastructure characteristics identified while defining the ODD for the ADF?

Sub-Questions

  1. Can physical road attributes be identified where the vehicle is driving such as road types, dedicated lanes, road pavement?
  2. Can road features be identified which are necessary for MRM such as wide shoulder or kerb?
  3. Can road markings be identified which are needed for lateral positioning and longitudinal control such as lane dividers and pedestrian crossing markings?
  4. Can the system recognize static and dynamic traffic signs such as variable message signs?
  5. Can the positioning system use road furniture as landmarks for redundant positioning based on environment perception and map data?

References